KYP T-340

KYPRIANOS DATABASE OF ANCIENT RITUAL TEXTS

KYPRIANOS T340

Manuscript:	M121
Sigla:	PCM 1 7 PCM I 7 Hs. Schmidt 2
Text no. Position of the text within the manuscript.	1
Coptic Scriptorium:
Date:	501 – 700

Text position:	Ro. ll. 1-38
Type of text:	Love spell (magical, formulary)

Original title:
Original title (translated):
Conventional title:	Love spell containing Horus-Isis historiola-based charm

Language:	Egyptian (Coptic)
Dialect:	Sahidic (non-standard)
Script:	Coptic
Image:

Text:

Translation:

1. ⳨ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲇͅⲇͅ ⲁⲓⲃⲱⲕ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲛ
2. ϩⲛ̅ ⲟⲩⲣⲟ ⲛⲱⲛⲉ ⲁⲓⲉⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲛ ⲟⲩ-
3. ⲣⲟ ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲓⲡⲉ ⲁⲓⲃⲱⲕ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲛⲥⲁ ϫⲱⲓ̈
4. ⲁⲓⲉⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̅ⲥⲁ ⲣⲁⲧ ⲁⲓϭⲓ̈ⲛⲉ ⲛ̅ⲥⲁϣϥ
5. ⲙⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ ⲉⲩϩⲙⲟⲟⲥ ϩⲓϫⲛ̅ ⲟⲩ-
6. ⲡⲩⲅⲏ ⲙ̅ⲙⲟ̅ⲟ̅ⲩ ⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲙⲡ̇ⲟⲩⲱϣ
7. ⲁⲓⲡⲓⲑⲉ ⲙⲡⲟⲩⲡⲓⲑⲉ · ⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲉ-
8. ⲙⲉⲣⲉ ⲛⲓⲙ̅ ⲧϣ ⲛ̅ⲛⲓⲙ · ⲧⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲙ-
9. ⲡⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲉϫⲓ̈ ⲛⲧⲁⲡⲓ̈ · ⲁⲓⲧⲟⲕⲧ ⲁⲓ̅-
10. ⲁϩⲉⲣⲁⲧ ⲁⲓⲣⲓⲙⲉ ⲁⲓⲁϣⲁϩⲟⲙ ϣⲁⲛ-
11. ⲧⲉⲛⲣⲙⲉⲓⲟⲟⲩⲉ ⲛⲁⲃⲁⲗ ϩⲱⲃⲥ ⲛ̅ϭⲟⲡ
12. ⲛⲣⲁⲧ ⲁⲏ̅ⲥⲉ ⲣ̅ ⲟⲩⲱ ϫⲉ ⲁϩⲣⲟⲕ ⲡⲣⲱⲙⲉ
13. ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙⲡⲣⲉ · ⲉⲕⲣⲓⲙⲉ ⲉⲕⲁϣⲁϩⲟⲙ
14. ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲛⲣⲙ̅ⲉⲓⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲕⲃⲁⲗ ϩⲱⲃⲥ
15. ⲛϭⲟⲡ ⲛⲣⲁⲧⲕ̅ · ϫⲉ ⲛⲥⲁ ⲟⲩ ⲏⲥⲉ
16. ⲛ̅ⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲙⲉ ⲁⲛ̅ · ⲛ̅ⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲃⲱⲕ
17. ⲉϩⲟⲩⲛ̅ ϩⲛ ⲟⲩⲣⲱ ⲛⲱⲛⲉ · ⲁⲓⲉⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ
18. ϩⲛ ⲟⲩⲣⲟ ⲙ̅ⲡⲉⲛⲓⲡⲉ · ⲁⲓⲃⲱⲕ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲛ
19. ⲛⲥⲁ ϫⲱⲓ̈ ⲁⲓ̈ⲉⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̅ⲥⲁ ⲣⲁⲧ ⲁⲓϭⲓⲛⲉ
20. ⲛⲥⲁϣϥⲉ ⲙⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ ϩⲓϫⲛ ⲟⲩⲡⲏⲅⲏ
21. ⲙ̅ⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲙ̅ⲡⲟⲩⲱ̅ⲱ ⲁⲓⲡⲓⲑⲉ
22. ⲙ̅ⲡⲟⲩⲡⲓⲑⲉ ⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ ⲛⲓⲙ
23. ⲧϣ ⲛⲛⲓⲙ ⲛ̅ⲧⲟⲥ ϭⲉ ⲙ̅ⲡⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲉϫⲓ
24. ⲛ̅ⲧⲁⲡⲓ · ϫⲉ ⲕⲁⲃⲱⲕ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲛ ϩⲛ ⲟⲩⲣⲟ
25. ⲛⲱⲛⲉ ⲛ̅ⲥⲁ ⲟⲩ ⲛⲅ̅ⲉⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲛ̅ ⲟⲩⲣⲟ ⲙⲡⲉ-
26. ⲛⲓⲡⲉ ⲛⲅ̅ϭⲓⲛⲉ ⲛ̅ⲥⲁϣϥ ⲙⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ
27. ⲛⲅⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲛⲥⲉⲧⲙ̅ⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲛⲅ̅ⲟⲩⲱϣ
28. ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ ⲛⲓⲙ̅ ⲧϣ ⲛ̅ⲛⲓⲙ ⲛ̅ⲧⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲥ-
29. ⲧⲙⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲉϫⲓ ⲛⲧⲉⲕⲡⲓ̈ · ⲙⲡⲉⲕ-
30. ⲧⲟⲕ ⲛⲅ̅ⲁϩⲉⲣⲁⲧⲕ ⲛⲅ̅ⲧⲉⲕ ⲥⲁϣϥ
31. ⲛ̅ⲗⲁⲥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϫⲉ ⲑⲏⲧϥ̅ · ⲍ
32. ⲡⲛⲟϭ ⲉϩⲛ̅ ⲛ̅ⲉⲡ̅ⲛ̅ⲁ̅ ⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲉⲧⲣⲉ-
33. ⲛⲓⲙ̅ ⲧϣ ⲛⲛⲓⲙ ⲣ̅ ϩⲙ̣ⲉ ⲛ̅ϩⲟⲟⲩ
34. ⲙⲛ̅ ϩⲙⲉ ⲛⲟⲩϣⲏ ⲉⲥⲁϣⲉ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ
35. ⲛ̅ⲥⲱⲓ ⲛⲑⲉ ⲛⲟⲟⲩϩⲟⲣ⧹ⲉ⧸ ϩⲁ ⲟⲩϩⲟⲣ
36. ⲛⲑⲉ ⲛⲟⲩϣⲟⲩ ϩⲁ ⲟⲩⲕⲁⲡⲣ̅ⲥ
37. ϫⲉ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲡⲉⲧⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲛⲧⲟⲕ ⲉⲧ-
38. [ⲣ̅] ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲱϣ ·

[1] ⳨ “I, NN, ⟨child of⟩ NN, went in [2] through a door of stone, I came out through a [3] door of iron. I went in headfirst, [4] I came out feet first. I found seven [5] maidens sitting by a [6] well of water. I desired, ⟨but⟩ they did not desire. [7] I was seduced ⟨but⟩ they were not seduced. I wanted to [8] love NN, the daughter of NN, but she, [9] she did not want me to kiss her. I fortified myself, I [10] stood, I cried and I groaned until [11] the tears of my eyes covered ⟨the⟩ soles [12] of my feet.”

Isis replied, “What is wrong with you, O man, [13] O child of the sun, crying and groaning [14] until the tears of your eyes cover [15] the soles of your feet?”

“Why, Isis, [16] do you not want me to cry? I went in [17] through a door of stone, I came out [18] through a door of iron. I went in [19] headfirst, I came out feet first. I found [20] seven maidens by a well [21] of water. I desired ⟨but⟩ they did not desire. I was seduced [22] ⟨but⟩ they were not seduced. I wanted to love NN, [23] the daughter of NN, but she, she did not want me to [24] kiss her.”

“Why would you go in through a door of [25] stone, and come out through a door of [26] iron, and find seven maidens, [27] and desire, and they did not desire, want [28] to love NN, the daughter of NN, but she [29] did not want you to kiss her, ⟨why⟩ did you not [30] fortify yourself and stand up, and cast out seven [31] tongues, saying ‘Thētf’ (seven ⟨times⟩), [32] O great one among the spirits, I want to make [33] NN, the daughter of NN, spend forty nights [34] and forty days clinging [35] to me like a female dog under a male dog, [36] like a sow under a boar, [37] for it is I who recites, you who [38] [does] the wish!”

Tableau:
Tracing by:

Apparatus:

1. ⲇͅⲇͅ i.e. Greek δ(ε)ῖ(να) δ(ε)ῖ(να)
3. ⲛ̅ⲥⲁϫⲱⲓ̈ : ⲛⲥⲁϫⲱⲓ̈ Kropp
4. ⲥⲁϣϥ i.e. Sahidic ⲥⲁϣϥⲉ
5. ⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ i.e. Greek παρθένος
6. ⲡⲩⲅⲏ i.e. Greek πηγή | ⲙ̅ⲙⲟ̅ⲟ̅ⲩ : ⲙ̅ⲙⲟⲟⲩ Kropp | ⲙⲡⲟⲩⲱϣ i.e. Sahidic ⲙ̅ⲡ⸗ⲟⲩ-ⲟⲩⲱϣ
7. ⲡⲓⲑⲉ i.e. Greek πείθειν (twice)
8. ⲧϣ i.e. Sahidic ⲧ-ϣⲉ- (< ⲧ-ϣⲏⲣⲉ Crum 584a) | ⲧⲟⲥ corrected from ⲧⲟⲟ i.e. Sahidic ⲛ̅ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲇⲉ i.e. Greek δέ 9. ⲡⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲥ corrected from ⲟ̣ by overwriting | ⲁⲓⲧⲟⲕⲧ : translate “I threw myself down” (“Ich warf mich hin”) Kropp, Richter 11. ⲛⲁⲃⲁⲗ i.e. Sahidic ⲛ̅-ⲛⲁ-ⲃⲁⲗ (haplography) | ⲛ̅ϭⲟⲡ i.e. Sahidic ⲛ̅-ⲛ-ϭⲟⲡ (haplography) 12. ⲁⲏ̅ⲥⲉ : ⲁⲏⲥⲉ Kropp 13. ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙⲡⲣⲉ translate “son of Re” ("Sohn des Re") Kropp, Richter 14. ⲣⲙ̅ⲉⲓⲟⲟⲩ i.e. Sahidic ⲣⲙⲉⲓⲟⲟⲩⲉ | ⲛⲉⲕⲃⲁⲗ i.e. Sahidic ⲛ̅-ⲛⲉ⸗ⲕ-ⲃⲁⲗ (haplography) 15. ⲛϭⲟⲡ i.e. Sahidic ⲛ̅-ⲛ-ϭⲟⲡ (haplography) | ⲏⲥⲉ ⲏ corrected from unclear letter by overwriting 20. ⲡⲏⲅⲏ i.e. Greek πηγή 21. ⲙ̅ⲡⲟⲩⲱ̅ⲱ l. ⲙ̅ⲡⲟⲩⲱ̅ϣ i.e. Sahidic ⲙ̅ⲡ⸗ⲟⲩ-ⲟⲩⲱϣ | ⲡⲓⲑⲉ i.e. Greek πείθειν 22. ⲡⲓⲑⲉ i.e. Greek πείθειν 24. ⲕⲁⲃⲱⲕ l. ⲉ⸗ⲕ-ⲁ-ⲃⲱⲕ Richter : l. ⲁⲕⲃⲱⲕ ? PCM 26. ⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ i.e. Greek παρθένος 28. ⲇⲉ i.e. Greek δέ 30. ⲧⲟⲕ l. ⲧⲟⲕ⸗ⲕ (haplography) : translate “throw yourself down” (“dich … hingeworfen”) Kropp, Richter 32. ⲉϩⲛ̅ i.e. Sahidic ⲉⲧ-ϩⲛ̅ ? | ⲡⲛ̅ⲁ̅ l. ⲡⲛ̅(ⲉⲩⲙ)ⲁ̅ i.e. Greek πνεῦμα 35. ⲛⲟⲟⲩϩⲟⲣ̅⧹ⲉ⧸ i.e. Sahidic ⲛ̅-ⲟⲩ-ⲟⲩϩⲟⲣⲉ 36. ⲕⲁⲡⲣ̅ⲥ i.e. Greek κάπρος 37-38. ⲛⲧⲟⲕ ⲉⲧ[ⲣ̅] ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲱϣ cf. P. Mich. Inv. 4932f back l. 10 (KYP M129, T343; PCM I 8): ⲛⲧⲟⲕ ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲟⲩⲱϣ: ⲛⲧⲟⲕ ⲉⲧ[ϫ]ⲡⲉ ⲟⲩⲱϣ “you are the one who produces love” (“der Liebe erzeugt”) ? Kropp : l. ⲛⲧⲟⲕ ⲉⲧ-ϫⲡⲓ-ⲟⲩⲱϣ “You are the one who must obey” (“der willfahren muß”) ? Kropp, Crum in Kropp : translate “you are the one who must desire” Kelsey.

Notes:

The present location of this papyrus is unknown. The only surviving image is printed in Kropp (AKZ I) as plate 1; this only contains ll. 1-20, and the leftmost parts of ll. 15-20 are hidden by the overlapping Schmidt 1. We accept Kropp’s readings in all cases for parts not visible in the image, except where he has restored text.
Horus-Isis Narrative Charms: This text represents an example of a narrative charm in which the main characters are *Horus and Isis; for other examples in Coptic, see PCM I 6, PCM I 16, PCM I 20; BKU I 1 (KYP M76) col. 2, and cf. PCM I 9, BKU I 7 (KYP M88) and BM EA 10391 (Zellmann-Rohrer 2022a: no. 1; KYP M302) ll. 12–16, which incorporate aspects of these charms. For discussions of these texts, see Frankfurter 2009; Blumell/Dosoo 2018; Zellmann-Rohrer 2022a: 97–99; Bélanger Sarrazin forthcoming a. The basic structure of the texts consists of the sequence encounter between protagonist and antagonist (A), protagonist turns to helper (B), protagonist recites initial events (A’), helper provides solution (C) (Kalchenko/van der Vliet 2022: 216–217; Blumell/Dosoo 2018: 221–241). In the variants included in this volume, the primary protagonist is the young god Horus, who travels into *hell where he encounters the antagonist(s) in the form of one or more women (cf. the notes to PCM I 6 l. 3 for their identity) who refuse his attempts at seduction. He turns to his mother Isis as a helper, who provides ritual instructions which may be carried out both in the mythic narrative past and in the ritual present.
2–3. ⲟⲩⲣⲟ ⲛⲱⲛⲉ … ⲟⲩⲣⲟ ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲓⲡⲉ This passage describes a descent to hell; the door of stone would be the tomb, or the door to the underworld depicted on late antique funerary stelae. *Tartarus in the Iliad 8.15 is said to have “gates of iron and a bronze threshold” (σιδήρειαί τε πύλαι καὶ χάλκεος οὐδός), while the description of the Lord shattering “bronze gates and iron bars” (τὰς πύλας τὰς χαλκᾶς καὶ τοὺς μοχλοὺς τοὺς σιδηροῦς; Psalm 106 (107) 14–16) was taken by Christians as referring to Jesus’ destruction of the gates of hell prior to his resurrection (see Blumell/Dosoo 2018: 222–227). For parallels, cf. PCM I 16 o. 1 ll. 5–9; PCM I 20 l. 1 (in which the destination is explicitly hell); BKU I 7 (KYP M88), and BM EA 10391 (ZellmannRohrer 2022a: no. 1; KYP M302) ll. 14–15 (ⲡⲉⲗⲗⲱⲛⲓⲁ likely from ⲡⲩⲗⲏ ⲛ̅ⲱⲛⲉ). The “doors of iron” (ⲛⲉⲣⲟ ⲡⲉⲛⲓⲡⲉ) recur in BKU I 3 (KYPM77), a love spell in which a being threatens to destroy them.
7. ⲁⲓⲡⲓⲑⲉ ⲙⲡⲟⲩⲡⲓⲑⲉ For πείθειν with the sense of “be seduced” cf. Pseudo-Chrysostom, On Susannah 26 (CC 178): ⲡⲉⲓⲑⲉ ϭⲉ ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩ ⲛⲧⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲛⲙⲙⲁⲛ (“be seduced, then, it is good for you to sleep with us”) (Budge p. 51 l. 17; cf. Crum CD 578b).
13. ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙⲡⲣⲉ : “O child of the sun” Kropp and Richter translate “son of Re” (“Sohn des Re”)
31. ⲑⲏⲧϥ̅ Usually understood as a vox magica, perhaps understand instead a writing of the archaic phrase tἰ ḥꜣ.ṱ⸗f “give/cause his heart”; compare GEMF 16/PDM xiv (KYP M162) l. 772: “a procedure to put the heart of a woman after a man” (wꜥ ky r tἰ ḥꜣ.ṱ sḥm.t m-sꜣ ḥwṱ). The form ⲧfor ϯ is well attested from Coptic causative verbs (cf. Vycichl DELC 209). We would expect ϩⲧⲏϥ rather than ϩⲏⲧϥ for “his heart”, although note the Akhmimic form ⲏⲧ⸗ in Crum CD 714a.
35–36. Animal Analogies: For similar references to animal behaviour as a metaphor for passionate love and desire, compare PCM I 17 back l. 45–front l. 1; PCM I 28 p. 6 ll. 3–14; PCM I 32 back ll. 16–18; BKU I 3 ll. 8–9 (KYP M77): “the desire… of a black dog, whose children he is about to take away before her eyes” (ⲡⲟⲩⲱϣ… ⲛ̣ⲟⲩⲟⲩϩⲟⲣⲉ ⲕⲁⲙⲉ ⲉϥⲛⲁⲃⲓ ⲛⲉⲥϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲉϩⲟⲛ ⲓⲁⲧⲥ); London Hay 10414a (Zellmann-Rohrer 2022a: no. 3; KYP M287) ll. 11–13: “… (may) she cling to me like a drop of water clinging to a jar, and may she become a (honey-)bee seeking, a female dog wandering, a female cat going from house to house, a mare going under mad (horses)” (ⲛⲥⲉⲓϣ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲥⲱⲓ ⲛⲑⲉ ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲗⲧⲓⲗⲉ ⲙⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲉⲥⲁϩⲉ ⲛⲥⲁⲟⲩⲕⲁⲇⲟⲥ ⲛⲥⲣ ϩⲛ ⲟⲩⲃⲓⲱ ⲉⲥϣⲓⲛⲉ ⲟⲩϩⲟⲟⲣ ⲉⲥⲗⲉⲗⲉ ⲟⲩⲉⲙⲟⲩⲉ ⲉⲥⲃⲱⲕ̣ ϩⲛ ⲟⲩⲏⲓ ⲁⲩⲏⲓ ϩⲛ ⲟⲩϩⲧⲱⲣⲉ ⲉⲥⲃⲱⲕ ϩⲁ ⲛⲉⲧⲟⲃⲗⲉ). Some of these extend the analogies to inanimate objects: P.Herm.Copt. 55 + 71 (KYP M45) p. 5 ll. 2–5: “and may they love him like a drop of water clinging to the edge of a jar” (ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛⲥⲉⲙⲉⲣ[ⲓⲧϥ ⲛⲑⲉ] ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉⲗⲧⲓⲗⲉ ⲙ̣[ⲙⲟⲟⲩ] ⲉⲥⲁϣⲉ ⲛⲥⲁ ⲡⲃⲓⲧ [ⲛ]ⲟⲩⲕⲁⲧⲟⲩⲥ). For these analogies, cf. Frankfurter 2001; Saar 2017: 36–37, 39; Dosoo 2020: 266–267 (noting that the common reference to female horses is due to the belief that they were “the most sexually eager of all animals”); Zellmann-Rohrer 2022a: 137–138; Dosoo 2022: 531–533. A similar analogy is found in the Demotic GEMF 16/PDM xiv (KYP M162) ll. 1029–1031: “the desire which a female cat feels for a male cat, desire which a female wolf feels for a male wolf, desire that a female dog feels for a male dog, the desire which the god, the son of Sothis?, felt for Moses…” (pꜣ? wḫꜣe ἰw ḫr ἰre ἰm(y).t? y.ṱ⸗f r ἰm (y)-mw wḫꜣe ἰw ḫr ἰre wnše.t ἰy r wnše wḫꜣe ἰw ḫr ἰre wḥr.t ἰy.ṱ⸗f pꜣ wḫꜣe r wḥr nt r pꜣ nṯr šr Spt.t? ἰy.yṱ⸗f r Mw.s.t.s).
36–37. ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲡⲉⲧⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲡⲉⲧⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲛⲧⲟⲕ ⲉⲧ[ⲣ̅] ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲱϣ Compare PCM I 8 back ll. 9–10; BKU 1 1 (KYP M76) front col. 1 ll. 17–18: “it is I who speaks, the Lord Jesus is the one who gives healing” (ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲉⲧϣⲁϫⲉ ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲓ̅ⲥ̅ ⲡⲉⲧⲧⲓ [ⲛⲡⲧⲁⲗϭ]ⲟ̣), col. 2 back l. 8: “it is I who recites, the Lord Jesus is the one who gives healing” (ⲁ̇ⲛⲟⲕ ⲉⲧⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲓ̅ⲥ̅ ⲡⲉⲧⲧⲓ ⲛⲡⲧⲁⲗϭⲟ).

Bibliography:

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Editor:

EL’s edition from photograph of the original, incorporating Kropp and Meyer/Smith (14/10/2018) (26/7/2021); edited by KD, EL and Roxanne Bélanger Sarrazin based on photo and Kropp (22/9/2021); minor correction of line number MPS (16/1/2023); updated to PCM version by SG + KD (22/7/2026); JS (9/1/2023)

How to cite:

[Editor names]. "KYP T340: Love spell containing Horus-Isis historiola-based charm," Kyprianos Database of Ancient Ritual Texts and Objects, Korshi Dosoo, Markéta Preininger, & Roxanne Bélanger Sarrazin (principal editors), www.coptic-magic.phil.uni-wuerzburg.de/index.php/text/kyp-t-340. Accessed on 25/07/2026
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