Sigla: 
Modern names for the manuscript, including inventory and publication numbers.
|
TO-16-RE V175 |
| Category:
Classification of the contents, e.g. magical (formulary or applied), alchemical, liturgical, documentary or medical. |
Magical (applied) |
| Contents: | 1. Ro: Applied object with the name of Gaius Iulius Viator, son of Ingenua. May be a curse or amulet for protection. |
| Language(s): | Latin |
| Script(s): | Latin |
| Dialect: | |
| Language/dialect notes: | |
| Date:
Dates are CE unless preceded by a minus sign <->, in which case they are BCE. |
65 – 100 |
| Date notes: | Bélanger Sarrazin et al. (Iâo Sabaôth, 2019: p. 13-15) date to the last third of the first century based on archaeological context. |
|
Archive/collection:
Larger collection to which manuscript belongs.
|
|
| Archive name: | |
| State of edition: | Published. |
| Image: | https://hdl.handle.net/21.15108/86494 |
| Form: | Sheet |
| Material: | Metal (lead) |
| Dimensions (cm): | Height: 12 | Width: 14 | Depth: 1.5 |
| Dimensions (notes): | Maximum dimensions (Bélanger et al., Iâo Sabaôth, 2019: p. 17). |
| Folding pattern: | Not folded |
| State of preservation: | Complete, some damage: two small holes, one on either side at about mid-height, created by nails used to fix the tablet to a wall. One nail, complete (2.2 cm long), was found in situ in the right-hand side hole (Bélanger et al., Iâo Sabaôth, 2019: p. 17). |
| Pages/Columns:
Total surviving columns in the manuscript for rolls, sheets and rotuli; total number of pages for codices.
|
1 |
| Pages/Columns (notes): | Complex diagram with multiple textual and pictorial elements. Here we describe as one column because it seems to form one unit. The editions by Bélanger Sarrazin et al. (2019) distinguish 10 blocks with a total of 20 lines. |
| Hand: |
| Findspot: | Tongeren, Belgium (TM places ID: 24462) |
| Place of purchase: | (TM places ID: ) |
| Writingspot: | Tongeren, Belgium (TM places ID: 24462) |
| Present Location: | Tongeren, Gallo-Romeins Museum |
| Collection History: | Found in 2016 during excavations carried out by the Société ARON bvba along Regulierenplein, in the city center of Tongeren, Belgium. Underwent conservation work by Natalie Cleeren (NC Archeologische Conservatie, Geetbets, Belgium). Kept at the Gallo-Romeins Museum, Tongeren, since then (Bélanger Sarrazin et al., Iâo Sabaôth, 2019: p. 9-10). |
| Trismegistos collection:
Page on the database Trismegistos collections for the institution which currently houses the manuscript. |
2756 |
| Collection website: | https://hdl.handle.net/21.15108/86494 |
| Notes/Discussion: | Bélanger Sarrazin et al., Iâo Sabaôth (2019) argue for a curse. Faraone (2021) suggest it is an amulet for the protection of a house or workshop. |
| Bibiliography |
| Editions: |
★ Bélanger Sarrazin, Roxanne, Alain Delattre, Daniel Demaiffe, Natasja De Winter, Alain Martin, Georges Raepsaet, and Marie-Therese Raepsaet-Charlier. Iâo Sabaôth: Pratiques magiques dans la cité des Tongres: Une tablette de défixion mise en contexte. Brussels: Association Égyptologique Reine Élisabeth, 2019. |
| Translations: | |
| General: |
Faraone, Christopher A. “The Lead Tablet from Tongres: Curse or Amulet?” Kernos 34 (2021) 219-244. |
| Trismegistos ID: |
832788 |
PAThs: |
| PGM:
Papyri Gracae Magicae
|
SM:
Supplementum Magicum
|
GEMF:
Greek and Egyptian Magical Formularies (forthcoming)
|
ACM:
Ancient Christian Magic
|
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| Bélanger Sarrazin:
Bélanger-Sarrazin. “Catalogue des textes magiques coptes” |
AKZ:
Ausgewählte koptische Zaubertexte |
CBd:
Campbell-Bonner Magical Gems Database |
Mert.-Pack:
Mertens-Pack online database |
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| Van H:
van Haelst, Catalogue des papyrus littéraires |
Bruyn-Dijkstra:
de Bruyn and Dijkstra, “Greek Amulets and Formularies (Checklist)" |
TheDefix:
Thesaurus Defixionum |
To Zodion: |
| Edit History: | KD (27/1/2020); RBS (24/09/2025) |
How to cite:
[Editor names]. "KYP M1945," Kyprianos Database of Ancient Ritual Texts and Objects, Korshi Dosoo, Markéta Preininger, & Roxanne Bélanger Sarrazin (principal editors), www.coptic-magic.phil.uni-wuerzburg.de/index.php/manuscript/kyp-m1945. Accessed on 19/10/2026For the "editor names", see the abbreviated names in the field "Edit History", and to resolve the abbreviations, see the help page.